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Creative Enzymes is the most experienced service provider specialized in enzyme activity quantitation. To outpace its competitors, Creative Enzymes provides innovative enzyme assay services with leading technical support found nowhere else in the industry. Herein, we are fully competent to offer the accurate enzyme activity assay for 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase.
The second messengers, cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) play a vital role in intracellular signal transduction cascade, by regulating cAMP- and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA and PKG), EPAC (Exchange Protein Activated by cAMP) factor, GAF domain and cyclic nucleotide gated channels (CNGC). 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.17; PDE) represents a multigenic family, ubiquitously tissue distributed, which controls transient intracellular levels of cyclic nucleotides by hydrolyzing cAMP and cGMP respectively to 5’AMP and 5’GMP. PDEs modulate cellular levels of cAMP and cGMP in processes such as cardiac contractility, platelet aggregation, lipolysis, glycogenolysis, smooth muscle contraction, ion channel conductance, and apoptosis.
Hitherto, 11 different PDE families (PDE1 to PDE11) have been identified, comprising 21 genes. Although the members of each PDE family show a considerable divergence of amino acid sequences, they are functionally related according to their substrate and inhibitor specificities and the mechanism of regulating enzymatic activity. The PDE5, PDE6, and PDE9 enzymes utilize cGMP as the substrate, PDE4, PDE7, and PDE8 are specific for cAMP, and PDE1, PDE2, PDE3, PDE10, and PDE11 degrade both substrates. The amino acid sequences of all mammalian PDEs identified to date include a highly conserved C-terminal region of approximately 270 amino acid residues that encompass the active site with two bound metal ions. Members of the PDE superfamily also differ substantially in their tissue distributions and expression levels, making them interesting therapeutic targets for a variety of diseases. It is of great pharmaceutical interest to investigate the biological meaning of this apparent complexity by developing specific inhibitors of various PDEs that can be used to evaluate their physiological functions in animal models. Thus, it can be seen that PDEs play a pivotal role in medical and diagnostic research.
Creative Enzymes is honored to offer the precise enzyme activity assays for PDEs, based on years of experiences on testing enzymes and optimizing methods. The chromatographic assay is demonstrated to be a reliable method for activity quantification of the enzyme. The unique and superb services distinguish Creative Enzymes from its competitors, and make us your best choice during development of products containing PDEs.
Figure: The structure of human PDE2A shown as a ribbon representation.
Reference: Iffland A, Kohls D, Low S, et al. Biochemistry, 2005, 44(23): 8312-8325.
