ROS-Producing Tumor Catalytic Therapy with Nanozymes

ROS are a class of chemically active oxygen-containing atoms or groups containing lone electrons, including superoxide anion (O²⁻), H₂O₂, singlet oxygen (¹O₂), hydroxyl radical (·OH), alkane peroxide radical and lipid peroxide radical, etc. ROS can kill tumor cells by mediating DNA, protein and other chemical damage. High H₂O₂, hypoxia and acidic environment in tumors make tumors resistant to and less sensitive to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. Thus, regulating the balance between hypoxia and ROS may lead to tumor cell death.

For nanozymes, ROS can be generated through OXD and POD activities to induce oxidative stress and kill tumor cells, and they can also catalyze the decomposition of H₂O₂ to produce O₂ in the tumor microenvironment through CAT activity. Therefore, they can alleviate tumor tissue hypoxia and indirectly induce tumor cell death. Creative Enzymes provides a variety of nanozymes for tumor treatment via ROS-producing catalytic therapy.

Au Nanozymes in ROS-Producing Tumor Catalytic Therapy

• Creative Enzymes synthesizes the modified Au nanozymes, which exhibit enzyme-like activities similar to horseradish peroxidase and oxidase under an acidic environment. Thus, the nanozymes show the ability of ROS generation in tumors.

Fig. 1 Au nanozymes combined with photothermal therapy for antitumor therapy.

• More importantly, the ROS production of Au nanozymes is significantly improved upon light irradiation by the photo-thermal effect, which is often used for tumor therapy. Cellular and animal studies further demonstrate that efficient tumor destruction is achieved through the combination of light-enhanced ROS and photothermal therapy.

Ni / hemin Nanozymes in ROS-Producing Tumor Catalytic Therapy

• Given the great benefits of artificial enzymes, we use hydrothermal method via assembling of Ni²⁺ with hemin for synthesis of Ni / hemin mimic enzyme.
• This novel nanozyme exhibits surprising peroxidase like activity. It can catalyze H₂O₂ to produce ·OH, which can be used for cancer cell detection and cancer targeted therapy.

Pd / Cu / Fe Nanozymes in ROS-Producing Tumor Catalytic Therapy

• Herein, we synthesize Pd / Cu / Fe alloy nanozymes possessing dynamic active-site synergism. Thus, they exhibit a cascade glutathione peroxidase and peroxidase (POD) mimicking activities in circumneutral pH.

Fig. 2 Ultrasmall Pd / Cu / Fe alloy nanozymes for ultrasound and near-infrared light-promoted tumor ablation.

• The alloy nanozymes exhibit photothermally augmented POD property and high photothermal conversion efficiency for synergistic tumor cell apoptosis.

TiN Nanozymes in ROS-Producing Tumor Catalytic Therapy

• We synthesize a TiN nanozyme with peroxidase activity.
• The nanozymes can self-supply hydrogen peroxide by decomposing intra-tumoral glucose. Under the catalytic activity of POD enzyme, it can produce lethal ·OH to kill tumor cells.

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