For many years, Creative Enzymes has been providing various services of enzyme activity quantitation for multiple research areas. By constantly striving for services of utmost quality, Creative Enzymes has earned the trust of countless customers. We are well recognized for providing customizable and complex enzymatic assays for phospholipase A2.

Phospholipase A2 (EC 3.1.1.4; phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase; PLA₂) catalyzes the hydrolysis of sn-2 ester bonds in phospholipid substrates. The hydrolysis products of PLA₂ are free fatty acids and lysophospholipids. The fatty acids released by PLA₂, such as arachidonic acid (AA) and oleic acid, serve as essential storage of energy. AA can also function as a second messenger. Moreover, AA is involved in the inflammatory process, producing the pro-inflammatory prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The excessive production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes is related with various physiopathological processes such as asthma, cerebral illnesses, cancers, cardiovascular disorders, and inflammation. Thus, the inhibition of PLA₂ can prevent this excessive production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, which plays a vital role in therapeutics for various disorders. Venoms from different snake specimens are utilized as a PLA₂ source due to high abundance of the enzyme in venoms. Therefore, PLA₂’s are exploited to being a potential tool for several pharmacological studies. Besides, lysophospholipids are critical in cell signaling, phospholipid remodeling, and membrane perturbation.

PLA₂’s are ubiquitous enzymes which have been isolated from various animal toxins and mammalian organ. These enzymes all differ in the molecular mass, localization, and calcium requirement for enzymatic activity. PLA₂’s include many unrelated protein families with common enzymatic activity. Two most notable families are secreted and cytosolic PLA₂. Other families include Ca²⁺ independent PLA₂’s and lipoprotein-associated PLA₂’s. PLA₂’s could exhibit several pharmacological effects, such as edema, hemorrhage, and inhibition of platelet aggregation, as well as neurotoxic, anticoagulant, and myotoxic effects. Thus, PLA₂’s are getting more and more attention because of their potentials in biotechnology applications.

Creative Enzymes is proud to provide the most accurate enzyme activity assays for PLA₂’s, which have been challenges to many researchers and service providers due to similar but different kinetic behaviors of PLA₂’s. The enzymatic activity is determined by using the fluorometric assay. Our services are the most trusted and proven in the global market, resulting in a high rate of repeated service requests. Unsurpassed by any other, Creative Enzymes generated many innovative enzyme assays and provides leading technical support and personalized customer services. Overall, Creative Enzymes has always been looking forward to making a long-time partnership with all customers.

Figure: The crystal structure of phospholipase A2 (MIPLA₂) from Micropechis Ikaheka.
PDB: 1PWO