Enzyme Activity Measurement for 2-Hydroxy-3-Oxopropionate Reductase Using Spectrophotometric Assays

Creative Enzymes provides fast and reliable services of enzyme activity measurement, especially measurement for 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase. We surpass our competitors with a quick turnover of the activity assays in response to the request of either a typical activity determination or customized quantification. The outstanding service quality of Creative Enzymes is due to the unparalleled team with many extraordinary enzymologists.

2-Hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase (EC1.1.1.60) is an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of D-glycerate to produce 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropanoate using NAD⁺/NADP⁺ as the redox factor. The enzyme exists in bacteria and eukaryote, such as Cupriavidusoxalaticus,Escherichia coli, Haemophilusinfluenza, and Ustilagomaydis. 2-Hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductaseis a member of the group of oxidoreductases, which catalyzethe CH-OH group of the substrate and use NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as the cofactor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (R)-glycerate:NAD(P)⁺ oxidoreductase, which is also called tartronatesemialdehyde reductase.

In addition to catalyzing the reversible NADH-dependent reduction of D-glycerate to 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropanoate, 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase catalyzes many reactions with analogs to the natural substrate,such as (R)-glycerate to tartronatesemialdehyde and malonic semialdehyde to 3-hydroxypropanoate. 2-Hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase bears a valuable function in D-galactarate degradation I pathway. Galactarate is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid, an analog of D-galactose. Escherichia coli can use either diacid sugar,galactarateor D-glucarate, as the sole source of carbon for growth. The first step in the degradation of galactarate is its dehydration to 5-keto-4-deoxy-D-glucarate. The subsequent steps in this pathway, cleavage of 5-keto-4-deoxy-D-glucarate into pyruvate and tartronatesemialdehyde, reduction of tartronatesemialdehyde to D-glycerate, and phosphorylation of D-glycerate to form 2-phosphoglycerate, are shared with the D-glucarate degradation I pathway.

Figure: The pathway: D-galactarate degradation I where 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductaseis the key enzyme.

In addition, 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase also participates in degradation of sugar acids, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and other metabolic pathways. 2-Hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase is also able to use other compounds as the substrate, including (R)-beta-hydroxybutyrate, (R)-glycerate, D-threonine, L-glycerate, mesoxalicsemialdehyde, malonic semialdehyde and so on. Because of the substrate and reaction promiscuity, activity assays of 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase using spectrophotometry have not been well established in an industrial scale, although activity measurement using other methods were reported before. Creative Enzymes is proud to offer the most advanced spectrophotometric instruments to measure the enzymatic activity of 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase. Flagged by the continuous reliability, Creative Enzymes is always your best choice for any research and development activities involving 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase.

Figure: Crystal structure of a 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase from Polaromonas sp. JS666. PDB: 4DLL