Description
Glucokinase (EC 2.7.1.2) is an enzyme that facilitates phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. Glucokinase occurs in cells in the liver, pancreas, gut, and brain of humans and most other vertebrates. In each of these organs it plays an important role in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism by acting as a glucose sensor, triggering shifts in metabolism or cell function in response to rising or falling levels of glucose, such as occur after a meal or when fasting. Mutations of the gene for this enzyme can cause unusual forms of diabetes or hypoglycemia.
Abbr
GCK, Native (Zymomonas mobilis)
Alias
GCK; FGQTL3; GK; GLK
Applications
The enzyme is useful for diagnostic reagent, for example, glucose determination or CK determination, and for the specific
determination of glucose. Tris-HCI buffer is not suitable for the practical use of ZM-GCK
Enzyme Commission Number
EC 2.7.1.2
Contaminants
(as ZM-GCK activity = 100 %)
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase: < 0.02 %;
Phosphoglucomutase: < 0.01 %;
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase: < 0.01 %;
Hexose-6-phosphate isomerase: < 0.01 %;
Glutathione reductase: < 0.01 %.
Molecular Weight
ca. 66,000; Subunit molecular weight : ca. 33,000.
Michaelis Constant
(60mM Phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, at 30 °C)
Glucose: 0.10 mM;
ATP: 0.65 mM.
Unit Definition
One unit of activity is defined as the amount of ZM-GlcK that forms 1 μmol of glucose 6-phosphate per minute at 30 °C.
Thermal stability
No detectable decrease in activity up to 40 °C.
Storage
Stable at -20 °C for at least one year.
Synonyms
EC 2.7.1.2; glucokinase; glucokinase (phosphorylating); 9001-36-9; GCK; FGQTL3; GK; GLK; HHF3; HK4; HKIV; HXKP; LGLK; MODY2
Specific Activity
more than 150 U/mg protein
Reaction
ATP + D-Glucose ←→ ADP + D-Glucose 6-phosphate
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