Description
Amine oxidase (also known as histaminase) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism, oxidation, and inactivation of histamine within the digestive tract. Bovine plasma amine oxidase has a molecular weight of 170 kDa and an optimum pH of 6.2 for spermine and 7.2 for spermidine. Amine oxidases are divided into two classes:the pyridoxal and copper containing enzyme to which plasma amine oxidase belongs, and the FAD-containing amino oxidases. Natural substrates include catecholamines, tryptamine derivatives and other physiologically active amines. Plasma amine oxidase is used in research requiring nitrogen group transfers. The molecule is composed of two identical polypeptide chains. There are two pyridoxal phosphates and two atoms of Cu+ per molecule. Bovine plasma amine oxidase is inhibited by copper chelating agents, many carboxyl reagents such as cuprizone, hydroxylamine and cyanide. Benzoic acid and benzyl alcohol are both non-competitive inhibitors (KI = 30 and 34mM respectively).
Abbr
Amine Oxidase, Native (Bovine)
Product Overview
It was from Bovine Plasma. Chromatographically purified through step five of the procedure of Yamada, Y., and Yasunobu, K., JBC, 237, 1511 (1962). A lyophilized powder. (One IU = 4,330 Tabor Units).
Enzyme Commission Number
EC 1.4.3.21
Activity
> 17 Tabor units/mg dw
Purity
Chromatographically purified
Composition
Achee et al. (1968) indicate that the enzyme is composed of two identical polypeptide chains. There are two pyridoxal phosphates and two atoms of Cu2+ per molecule (Yamada and Yasunobu 1962 and 1963). The amino acid composition is listed by Malmström et al. (1975).
Specificity
The major physiological amines oxidized are spermine and spermidine (Yamada and Yasunobu 1962; Yasunobu and Smith 1970; Tabor et al. 1954) and some activity is also seen with benzylamine, homosulfanilamide, furfurylamine and simple aliphatic monoamines. (See also Malmström 1975). There is only slight activity with tyramine, and none with tryptamine, epinephrine, serotonin, or agmatine (Yamada and Yasunobu 1962; Tabor et al. 1954).
Unit Definition
1 international unit oxidizes 1µmole of benzylamine per minute at 25°C, pH 7.2.
Optimum pH
For spermine, 6.2, for spermidine, 7.2. Other amines may have other pH optima (Tabor et al. 1954).
Stability
Stable for 12 months at-20°C. Store at -20°C.
Inhibitors
Copper chelating agents, many carboxyl reagents such as cuprizone and hydroxylamine; cyanide (Yamada and Yasunobu 1963). Benzoic acid and benzyl alcohol are both non-competitive inhibitors (Ki=30 and 34 mM respecitvely), (Wang et al. 1968). Tabor et al. (1954) give good summary of inhibitors and the paper by Bardsley et al. (1974) dealing with human placental amine oxidases has a large amount of inhibitor data that may be relevant to this bovine plasma amine oxidase also.
Synonyms
Amine oxidase; EC 1.4.3.21; histaminase; Plasma Amine Oxidase
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