In vitro
Losartan (180 mg/d) causes significant increases in plasma angiotensin II and angiotensin-(1-7) in monkeys with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. Losartan (180 mg/d) reduces the extent of fatty streak in the aorta, the coronary arteries, and the carotid arteries by approximately 50% in monkeys with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. Losartan reduces the susceptibility of LDL to in vitro oxidation, serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and circulating monocyte CD11b expression in monkeys with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. Losartan (0.6 g/L in their drinking water) prevents elastic fiber fragmentation and blunted TGF-beta signaling in the aortic media in pregnant Fbn1C1039G/+ mice, as evidenced by reduced nuclear accumulation of pSmad2. Losartan (0.6 g/L in their drinking water) shows a reduction in distal airspace caliber in pregnant Fbn1C1039G/+ mice. Losartan (0.6 g/L in their drinking water) improves disease manifestations in the lungs, an event that cannot plausibly relate to improved hemodynamics in pregnant Fbn1C1039G/+ mice.
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